Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA

• The anatomy of the prostate with particular reference to "zones" and to glandular/stromal tissue
• The embryology of the prostate
• Growth factors in the prostate
• The function of prostate and its role in ejaculation and fertility
• The endocrine control of the prostate
• The aetiology and pathogenesis of BPH
• The pathology of BPH
• The clinical features of BPH - understanding of the concepts of benign prostatic hyperplasia, prostatic enlargement, bladder outflow obstruction and lower urinary tract symptoms; their interrelationship and correlation
• The role and value of symptom scores in the assessment of patients with lower urinary tract symptoms
• The appropriate use of investigations and their pitfalls, particularly in relation to flow rate studies and urodynamics
• Interpretation of flow rates and urodynamic studies in relation to the diagnosis of outflow obstruction
• The urodynamic nature and pathophysiology of outflow obstruction
• A familiarity with the urodynamic literature on the relationship between detrusor instability and outflow obstruction. The urodynamic definition of outflow obstruction
• The inter-relationship between BPH, detrusor instability, detrusor failure and ageing
• The management of BPH and of bladder outflow obstruction
• The management of acute and chronic retention of urine and other complications of BPH
• Standard surgical treatments, particularly transurethral resection of the prostate, and their complications
• The follow up and the assessment of the results of treatment of bladder outflow obstruction
• An appreciation of the literature concerning the results of TUR
• Alternatives to prostatectomy in the treatment of BPH
• The physiological basis of alpha blockers and 5AR reductase inhibitors showing an understanding of the indications for their use and their valued their value
• Catheterisation
• The role of lasers, stents, and other new technology